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The Paus family (earlier spellings include Pauss and de Paus)〔 () is a Norwegian patrician family that first appeared in Oslo in the 16th century. According to S.H. Finne-Grønn, it is most likely descended in the male line from ''Hans Olufsson'' (''ca.'' 1500–18 September 1570), a member of the royal clergy in Norway before and after the Reformation, who served as a canon at St Mary's Church and who held personal noble rank by virtue of his high ecclesiastical office.〔〔 He was according to Finne-Grønn most likely the grandfather of the brothers Hans (1587–1648) and Peder Povelsson Paus (1590–1653), who were born in Oslo and who both became priests, and who have long been known as the family's earliest certain ancestors. Parish priest in Fredrikstad Hans Povelsson Paus (1587–1648) only had a limited number of patrilineal descendants, whereas parish priest in Kviteseid and provost of Upper Telemark Peder Povelsson Paus (1590–1653) has a large number of descendants until the present day. From the 17th to the 19th century, the family were among the foremost of the regional elite, the "aristocracy of officials" in Upper Telemark,〔Jon Nygaard (2013). ''"...af stort est du kommen." Henrik Ibsen og Skien'' (p. 68 and p. 74). Senter for Ibsen-studier. ISBN 9788291540122〕 where many family members served as priests, judges and other officials and where several state and church offices in practice were hereditary in the family for extended periods. Since the 19th century, several family members have been merchants, ship-owners, industrialists and estate owners. Members of the family have founded several enterprises in Norway, including the former industrial company Paus & Paus and the iron and steel enterprise Ole Paus. While the family has been mainly Lutheran since the Reformation, some noted family members since the 19th century have been converts to Catholicism. The papal chamberlain, estate owner and Knight of Malta Christopher Tostrup Paus was conferred the title and rank of count by Pope Pius XI in 1923. Brita Paus née Collett was noted as a Catholic humanitarian, whereas her husband, the noted surgeon Bernhard Paus, was Grand Master of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons. Since 1914, members of the family have owned several estates in Sweden, of which the estate Herresta is still owned by the family. Among the descendants of the family are playwright Henrik Ibsen. Modern family members include the troubadour Ole Paus and his son, the composer Marcus Paus. In the course of its history, family members have used multiple seals and coats of arms, including a crane in its vigilance in the seal of Povel Paus on the 1661 Sovereignty Act and a bull's head with golden star used in the modern era. The etymology of the name is uncertain. ==Early history== According to the preeminent Norwegian genealogist S.H. Finne-Grønn, the family is most likely descended from ''Hans Olufsson'' (born ''ca.'' 1500), a canon at St Mary's Church, the royal chapel in Oslo. As indicated by his patronymic, Hans Olufsson's father was named Oluf. Due to his career as a member of the royal clergy, Hans Olufsson almost certainly had a privileged family background. Most canons in Norway at the time were recruited from the lower nobility, and normally studied at universities abroad, which was normally only possible with an affluent background. Hans Olufsson served as a canon at St Mary's Church and a member of its cathedral chapter until it was merged with that of Oslo Cathedral in 1545, following the Reformation. St Mary's Church was a powerful political institution as the seat of government of Norway at the time, as its provost was also the Chancellor of Norway with one of the canons serving as Vice-Chancellor. Its clergy held high aristocratic rank ''ex officio'', as decreed by Haakon V of Norway in a 1300 royal proclamation, with canons holding the rank of Knight〔(Gave- og stadfestingsbrev fra kong Håkon Magnusson til Mariakirken i Oslo )〕 (the highest rank of nobility in Norway since 1308), and were granted significant privileges. Hans Olufsson held a prebend (estate held for his lifetime), the prebend of Saint Mary's altar ''sub lectorio'', also known as the prebend of Dillevik,〔Anton Christian Bang, ''Oslo domkapitels altre og præbender efter reformationen'', Jacob Dybwad, 1893〕 that included the income of 43 church properties (36 ''huder'', hides) in Eastern Norway. After 1545, Hans Olufsson served as a priest at Oslo Cathedral, but retained his prebend affiliated with the estate of St Mary's Church. He died on the night between 17 and 18 September 1570 and was buried in Oslo Cathedral on 19 September. Following his death, his prebend passed to Jens Nilssøn, the noted Oslo humanist and later Bishop of Oslo.〔 Hans Olufsson's son, as documented by court proceedings from 1602, was ''Povel Hansson'' (born ''ca.'' 1545–50), who was a wealthy merchant in Oslo. According to one theory, the family name is a patronymic based on his name. He was according to Finne-Grønn〔 most likely the father of the two clergymen who became the ancestors of two lineages of the family, and who have long been known as the family's earliest certain ancestors: ''Hans Povelsson Paus'' (1587–1648) and ''Peder Povelsson Paus'' (1590–1653). Povel probably died in the years immediately following 1602. According to Finne-Grønn, his wife was probably named Inger, and she probably remarried to Anders Augustinusen, the parish priest in Fredrikstad and a member of the influential Floor family, who as chairman of the parish selected his presumed stepson as his successor as parish priest in Fredrikstad. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paus family」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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